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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Navajo grammar ： ウィキペディア英語版 Navajo grammar Navajo is a "verb-heavy" language — it has a great preponderance of verbs but relatively few nouns. In addition to verbs and nouns, Navajo has other elements such as pronouns, clitics of various functions, demonstratives, numerals, postpositions, adverbs, and conjunctions, among others. Harry Hoijer grouped all of the above into a word-class he called ''particles'' (i.e., Navajo would then have verbs, nouns, and particles). Navajo has no separate words that correspond to the ''adjectives'' in English grammar: verbs provide the adjectival functionality. ==Verbs== The key element in Navajo is the verb. Verbs are composed of an abstract stem to which inflectional or derivational prefixes are added. Every verb must have at least one prefix. The prefixes are affixed to the verb in a specified order. The Navajo verb can be sectioned into different components. The verb ''stem'' is composed of an abstract ''root'' and an often fused suffix. The stem together with a "classifier" prefix (and sometimes other thematic prefixes) make up the verb ''theme''. The thematic prefixes are prefixes that are non-productive, have limited derivational function, and no longer have a clearly defined meaning. Examples of thematic prefixes, include the archaic yá- prefix, which only occurs on the verb stem -tééh/-tiʼ meaning "to talk" as in yáłtiʼ "he's talking". The ''theme'' is then combined with derivational prefixes that in turn make up the verb ''base''. Finally, inflectional prefixes (which Young & Morgan call "paradigmatic prefixes") are affixed to the ''base'' — producing a complete Navajo verb. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Navajo grammar」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.